PILES / HEMORRHOIDS
Haemorrhoids, often referred to as piles, are swollen and inflamed veins located in
the lower rectum or anus
What Are Piles (Haemorrhoids)?
Haemorrhoids, often referred to as piles, are swollen and inflamed veins located in
the lower rectum or anus. They result from increased pressure in the veins, which
can be caused by straining during bowel movements, prolonged sitting, pregnancy,
or chronic constipation. Haemorrhoids can be uncomfortable, leading to symptoms
such as pain, itching, and bleeding during bowel movements.
Types of Haemorrhoids
Haemorrhoids are classified into two primary types based on their location:
1.Internal Haemorrhoids
These develop inside the rectum and are usually not
visible or painful. However, they can cause rectal bleeding. If they prolapse,
they may protrude through the anus, causing irritation.
2.External Haemorrhoids
Found under the skin around the anus, these are
more likely to cause discomfort or pain, especially if a blood clot forms
(thrombosed haemorrhoid). They may also result in swelling and itching
How Are Haemorrhoids Diagnosed?
The diagnosis of haemorrhoids is usually made through a physical examination and
may involve additional procedures for a more accurate assessment:
Physical Exam:
A healthcare provider examines the anal area for
signs of external haemorrhoids or swelling. If necessary, a digital rectal exam
is performed to check for internal haemorrhoids.
Anoscope:
This involves inserting a small, lighted tube into the rectum to
inspect the anal canal and lower rectum for internal haemorrhoids.
Sigmoidoscopy or Colonoscopy:
In some cases, especially when there is
concern about other conditions (e.g., polyps or cancer), a flexible tube with a
camera may be used to inspect the rectum and colon
Faecal Occult Blood Test:
This test may be done to detect hidden blood in
the stool, which could indicate the presence of haemorrhoids or other
gastrointestinal issues.
What Are the Treatment Options for Haemorrhoids?
Haemorrhoid treatment depends on the severity and type of haemorrhoid, ranging
from home remedies to medical or surgical interventions:
Home Remedies and Lifestyle Changes
Dietary Adjustments:
Increasing fibre intake through fruits,
vegetables, and whole grains can soften stools and prevent straining
during bowel movements.
Hydration:
Drinking enough water can reduce constipation,
helping to prevent or alleviate haemorrhoids
Warm Baths:
Soaking in warm water for 10-15 minutes, several
times a day, can soothe irritation and discomfort.
Topical Treatments:
Over-the-counter creams and ointments
containing hydrocortisone or witch hazel can relieve itching and
swelling.
Cold Compresses:
Applying ice packs to the affected area can
reduce swelling and pain.
Minimally Invasive Procedures:
Rubber Band Ligation:
A rubber band is placed around the
base of the haemorrhoid, cutting off its blood supply. The haemorrhoid
eventually shrinks and falls off.
Sclerotherapy:
A chemical solution is injected into the
haemorrhoid, causing it to shrink. This method is less painful and
commonly used for smaller internal haemorrhoids.
Infrared or Laser Coagulation:
These techniques use heat or
light to destroy hemorrhoidal tissue, allowing the haemorrhoid to shrink.
Surgical Treatments:
Haemorrhoidectomy:
For large or persistent haemorrhoids,
surgical removal may be necessary. Haemorrhoidectomy is highly
effective but requires a longer recovery period.
Stapled Hemorrhoidopexy:
This procedure repositions
prolapsed haemorrhoids and cuts off their blood supply, causing them
to shrink. It has a quicker recovery time compared to
haemorrhoidectomy.
Conclusion:
Haemorrhoids, though common, can cause significant discomfort. Treatment options
vary depending on the type and severity, from simple lifestyle changes to surgical
procedures. Early diagnosis and treatment can help manage symptoms effectively
and prevent complications. For those experiencing persistent symptoms, consulting
a healthcare provider is essential to determine the best course of treatment.
For effective diagnosis and personalized treatment options for
haemorrhoids, visit Rutvik Hospitals, where our experienced team is
dedicated to providing the highest quality care for your health and well-
being.
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